Surgery includes a number of areas, one of which is plastic surgery - rhinoplasty, which has many positive reviews. This operation does not belong to the list of simple surgical interventions - each action of the surgeon can lead to certain consequences. This not only applies to the aesthetic side of the issue, but also to the function of the airways. Rhinoplasty helps correct both congenital and acquired defects.
What is rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at changing the shape of the nose. Such plastic surgery is initiated due to a person's desire to eliminate a cosmetic defect or change the size of the nose. Such manipulation is caused by the need to normalize breathing. Various parts of the nose undergo plastic surgery: tip, septum, nostrils.
The complexity of rhinoplasty of the nose is explained by the fact that the doctor's actions during the operation gradually affect all the bones and cartilaginous tissues of the organ. The surgeon must proceed from the functional characteristics of the organ. Not only the aesthetic image, but also the functioning of the respiratory system depends on the correct performance of the manipulation. Doctors often have to repeat the work of other surgeons.
Hints
Rhinoplasty is a complex operation, so before performing it, it is recommended to carefully study all available information. The correction is assigned for several main reasons:
- oversize of the organ or its parts;
- the presence of a hump, wide nostrils;
- nasal asymmetry;
- nose with potatoes, snub nose;
- acquired or congenital defects;
- labored breathing;
- thickening or sharpening of the tip of the nose;
- nasal deformity due to trauma;
- disproportionate body shape;
- curvature of the septum;
- the need for revision rhinoplasty.
contraindications
In preparation for rhinoplasty, a mandatory full examination is required, which will help determine the patient's readiness for surgery. The main contraindications to rhinoplasty are the following:
- the presence of infectious viral diseases that occur in the acute stage;
- some forms of diabetes;
- Diseases of the kidneys, liver or other internal organs;
- oncological diseases;
- the period of pregnancy and lactation;
- the patient's age is up to 18 years and after 45 years;
- any inflammation.
Pros and cons of the procedure
Before rhinoplasty, you should weigh all the positive and negative aspects of the operation. Benefits of rhinoplasty:
- restoration of the function of proper nasal breathing;
- elimination of defects, pathologies or asymmetries;
- Achieving the desired aesthetic result.
Like any other surgical procedure, rhinoplasty has a number of disadvantages. The main shortcomings of the correction include:
- relatively high price;
- high probability of developing various complications;
- difficult rehabilitation period, which lasts about 15-20 days.
Methods of rhinoplasty
Depending on the degree of complexity of the necessary changes, an open or closed method of nose correction is chosen. Open rhinoplasty is performed when the patient needs a major correction in the shape or size of the nose. The closed method of surgical intervention is considered more common. There is also a non-surgical method of nose correction, for example nose reduction with injections or tip correction. After this procedure there is no postoperative edema.
With an open rhinoplasty, the bones and cartilage of the nose are affected during the operation. General anesthesia is required as the incisions are made on the outer parts of the nose, the columella, near the nostrils - this makes the doctor's job easier. The duration of the manipulation is about 2 hours. The closed nose correction is a gentle procedure. The incisions are made on the inside of the nose. The process of defect correction is hampered by the fact that the entire cavity is not under the surgeon's visual control.
species
Rhinoplasty is represented by several main types of surgical interventions, each of which is aimed at achieving different aesthetic and physiological effects. Depending on the type of operation, the duration and degree of complexity of the rehabilitation process differ. One of the most popular is septorhinoplasty. It aims to correct the septum. The curvature is congenital, acquired as a result of injury, physiological.
The most difficult is the conchotomy. This manipulation is prescribed for respiratory disorders provoked by hypertrophied mucous membrane. Removal (complete or partial) of the covering of the organ is performed. Columella rhinoplasty involves a simple correction of the shape or size of the bridge between the nostrils. The size of the nostrils themselves, the tip of the nose can be corrected, and the organ is narrowed. There is injection, laser, reconstructive plastics, aesthetic correction.
Preparation for the operation and necessary tests
The preoperative stage involves the implementation of a number of mandatory actions. First of all, you need to consult a plastic surgeon. You can use computer simulations. An examination by a therapist is required, who, based on the result of the examination, gives permission for the surgical intervention. It is mandatory to visit specialists such as an otolaryngologist or a cardiologist.
14 days before the plastic surgery, the patient must pass laboratory tests (general blood and urine tests, complex biochemistry, hepatitis, HIV, blood clotting, blood group and Rh factor), take an ECG and nose pictures. At the appointment with the therapist it is necessary to name all medications that are currently being taken. Most medications are discontinued 2 weeks before the planned date of the operation.
How is the plastic
Rhinoplasty is performed on the territory of the clinic. In some cases, general anesthesia is required. If the plastic is small, local anesthesia is used. The duration of the correction is from 1 to 2. 5 hours, depending on the severity of the case. If necessary, the patient should be hospitalized for up to 3 days. The plaster cast is removed after 5-7 days.
operating room
The duration of the operation is about 2 hours. In open manipulation, the columella is incised. After that, the doctor gets access to work with bone tissue and nasal cartilage. If it is a closed operation, the incision is made along the skeleton of the organ. If necessary, the surgeon changes the size and shape of the nose, removes the hump, or corrects the wings and septum. In addition to anesthesia, depending on the complexity of the procedure, the patient may be given a sedative injection.
not surgical
Rhinoplasty without surgery has a temporary result. It can be performed using special gel fillers. Fillers are injected into the desired areas of the nose to give a specific shape. This type of rhinoplasty does not require general anesthesia. The skin is treated with antiseptic preparations. The amount of filler is determined and injected into the selected area. The operation takes about half an hour. The rehabilitation process takes several days.
How long does recovery take after rhinoplasty?
The recovery process after the operation can take up to several weeks. Symptoms such as reduced sensitivity, pain in the nose, swelling, congestion in the organ, bruising appear. Some of the signs are eliminated in 10-20 days after removing plaster casts and removing tampons. The swelling can last up to 90 days. It is important to understand that the final result can only be assessed after 6-12 months, when there is a complete restructuring of the bone and cartilaginous tissue of the nose.
Nutrition in the postoperative period
The rehabilitation process after rhinoplasty involves following a therapeutic diet. You should include foods in the diet that contain a large amount of fiber. It can be vegetables, fruits, cereals. The diet should include protein foods (turkey, chicken, nuts, beans). Protein is considered an essential element during the recovery period. It is not recommended to eat too hot or cold food. The amount of salt must be minimized.
Possible complications
Unpleasant consequences can occur both during the operation and during the recovery period. As a result of poor blood clotting, bleeding can occur, which is stopped with the help of special drugs. Mucosal perforation may occur. This complication is possible if there were injuries or a second operation is performed after an unsuccessful plastic surgery. Signs of possible complications during the rehabilitation period:
- aesthetic (curvature, asymmetry, gross scars and scars);
- contagious (inflammation, abscess);
- functional (impaired breathing, dissection of bone tissue, fusion of the nostrils);
- Individually.
price
The cost of the interventions depends on the complexity of the surgical intervention, the individual characteristics of the patient's body and many other factors.